Abstract
In Part1 of this paper, a carbonation model was developed and experimentally veriï¬ed which was able to forecast carbonation depth of a concrete specimen considering varying ambient temperature, humidityand CO2 concentrations. Part 2 of the paper applies the carbonation diffusion/reaction model developed in Part 1 to predict the effects of global climate change on the carbonation of concrete. Climate scenarios were formulated and combined with the model for two major Canadian cities, Toronto and Vancouver. Results show that for undamaged and unstressed concrete, climate change will signiï¬cantly affect carbonation progress. The model showed that for unloaded, non-pozzolanic concrete, ultimate carbonation depths in Toronto and Vancouver could be up to 45% higher. For in-service structures under load, the rates of deterioration are likely to be even faster. This is a cause for concern, and much further effort must be devoted to fully understand these phenomena.,Peer reviewed,Published. Received 18 October 2011; Revised 21 April 2012; Accepted 24 April 2012; Available online 10 May 2012.